Rujukan dan sumber Dinasti Carolus

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Rujukan

  1. ↑ "Charlemagne - Emperor of the Romans | Holy Roman emperor [747?-814]". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 2017-09-20.
  2. ↑ "Charlemagne - Emperor of the Romans | Holy Roman emperor [747?-814]". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 2017-09-20.
  3. ↑ "Treaty of Verdun | France [843]". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 2017-09-20.
  4. ↑ "Arnulf | Holy Roman emperor". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 2017-09-20.
  5. ↑ "Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire". www.penfield.edu (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 2017-11-30.
  6. ↑ Lewis, Andrew W. (1981). Royal Succession in Capetian France: Studies on Familial Order and the State. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, hlm. 17. ISBN 0-674-77985-1
  7. ↑ Palgrave, Sir Francis. History of Normandy and of England, Jilid 1, hlm. 354.
  8. ↑ Bachrach, Bernard S. Early Carolingian Warfare: Prelude to Empire. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 2001, hlm. 1.
  9. ↑ Bachrach, 52.
  10. ↑ Bachrach, 55.
  11. ↑ Bachrach, 58.
  12. ↑ Bachrach, 64.
  13. ↑ Bachrach, 65.
  14. ↑ Bachrach, 49-50.

Sumber

  • Reuter, Timothy. Germany in the Early Middle Ages 800–1056. New York: Longman, 1991.
  • MacLean, Simon. Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the end of the Carolingian Empire. Cambridge University Press: 2003.
  • Leyser, Karl. Communications and Power in Medieval Europe: The Carolingian and Ottonian Centuries. London: 1994.
  • Lot, Ferdinand. (1891). "Origine et signification du mot «carolingien»." Revue Historique, 46(1): 68–73.
  • Oman, Charles. The Dark Ages, 476-918. Edisi ke-6. London: Rivingtons, 1914.
  • Painter, Sidney. A History of the Middle Ages, 284-1500. New York: Knopf, 1953.
  • "Astronomus", Vita Hludovici imperatoris, G. Pertz (penyunting), Bab 2, dalam Mon. Gen. Hist. Scriptores, II, 608.
  • Reuter, Timothy (penerjemah) Tawarikh Fulda. (Manchester Medieval series, Ninth-Century Histories, Jilid II.) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
  • Einhard. Vita Karoli Magni. Diterjemahkan oleh Samuel Epes Turner. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1880.
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Rujukan

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